مرض الدرن والوقاية منه

The definition of tuberculosis
Aldrin old disease caused by bacteria called Almikrobactiriom. The disease is contagious. And is transmitted from one patient to another through the air. And some by eating contaminated eat (dairy products). And often affects the respiratory system (lungs). May affect another member in the body including the bones. Especially the spine. And tuberculosis of the spine to Aintql to another person unless it is open. Means that there is pus, discharge from the inflammation within the bone to the outer skin. And therefore must isolate the patient. Must also make sure that the patient is infected with tuberculosis, because this type often open and the authors of the universe through coughing. The treatment there is a successful treatment by anti-tuberculosis drugs and treatment requires a period of 6 months to a year and was advised to extend the duration of treatment to a longer period of Attam. And treatment of tuberculosis in bones is relatively difficult. It may also require a surgical, sometimes in this case must be presented to the surgeon has significant experience in spine surgery ..
The basis of scientific facts about tuberculosis
Infection
One third of the world's population are infected with TB (1,9 million people
Nearly 900 million women infected with TB infection in the world
- Infected 1% of the world's population annually
If not treated patient infected with active TB, it Siaadi of 5-10 people in one world
* Illness
Eighty percent of TB patients aged (years 15-49 years of work and production)
Patient who was not diagnosed or treated loses the equivalent of one year of work
Fifty per cent of TB patients die within 5 years if left without treatment and most of the rest
Defended in the case of poor health
Death: (2,7 million people a year
Tuberculosis was the cause of the death of 200 million people since 1882 and so far
People die from tuberculosis and at least one every four seconds
TB kills between 2-3 million people annually. Which is still beyond the victims of AIDS, malaria and diseases
Tropical combined
TB kills more women than kill all causes of maternal mortality
Cause of tuberculosis in 9% of deaths in women between the ages of 15-24 years while the cause of wars in 4% of maternal mortality and AIDS in 3% and heart disease in 3% about 95% of deaths occur in the developing world
Expected: the death of 30 million people in the next decade.
Hard facts
Treat bacteria infect one third of the world's population is available and is present in most countries of the world
Cost of treatment of tuberculosis per person not more than 30 dollars
Treatment success rate of 95%
Guidelines for TB patients
- Duration ideal for the treatment of tuberculosis is 6 months continuous
- Physician is the one who decides when to stop treatment
- The risk of interruption of treatment before the finish, even if your condition has improved
- Make sure you have the proper amount of medicine constantly interrupted so as not eating it
- Drop-out taking medication will make you relapse
- Taking the drug and the stomach empty and then drink a large amount of water and juices
- Consult a doctor if the use of drugs interfere with the treatment of tuberculosis
- Took the initiative to vaccinate your child against tuberculosis
- Ventilation of rooms and good sun exposure to prevent transmission
- Personal hygiene and cleanliness, clothing, housing saves you from infection
- Be sure to cover the mouth when sneezing or coughing
- When you change your address must inform the Centre and therapists you to do so
TB: You know him more
Look for linguistic
In the book of philology and walk the Arab Abu Mansoor Thaalbi died in 430 AH (TB detract human flesh after the cough and illness), and has been the practice in most world languages on the label of some diseases months symptoms or signs, for example, diabetes, and what was underweight and weight loss of months symptoms of tuberculosis called the ancient name of tuberculosis. The scientific name tuberculosis is attributable to small tumors or cavities containing material Mottagbnp which consists in an affected limb (usually lung) as a result of injury bacterium tuberculosis Bacillus ... came in the dictionary of the mediator (tuber in medical science Hinp appear in the lung It is part Mnaftk contains material stored, and tuberculosis - Updated - diseases of the lungs)
Historical Perspective
Tuberculosis, one of the oldest diseases known to mankind as dating to the era of ancient Egyptian, found in Momciaihm ... We have known throughout history among the most lethal diseases in the world, caused the death of millions of people over the times
The bacteria has been discovered that cause tuberculosis (a type of bacteria Bacillus figure) in 1882 by. Dr. Robert Koch in Berlin, Germany
Statistical overview
Tuberculosis was the cause of the death of 200 million people since 1882 until today
Become infected with tuberculosis, one person at least every Oterpa seconds
Die from tuberculosis of one person every ten seconds become infected with TB 1% of the world's population each year
Tuberculosis still kills between two and three million people a year ... It is beyond
A group of victims of AIDS, malaria and tropical diseases combined
Eighty per cent of TB patients ranging in age from 15 to 49 years old
TB kills more youth and adults more than kill any disease from other infectious diseases
Causes of maternal mortality from TB kills more women than kill all
Cause of tuberculosis in 9% of deaths in women aged 15 to 24 years while the cause of wars in 4% of maternal mortality and AIDS in 3% and heart disease in 3%
There are approximately 900 million women in the world infected with TB infection
One third of the world's population (1,9 billion people) are infected with TB bacilli
(Bacteria, tuberculosis)
If untreated patient infected with active TB, it Siaadi from 10:15 a.m. people in the world in fifty per cent of TB patients will die within 5 years if left unaddressed ... and most of the rest would be in poor health economic outlook
Most people with TB, ranging in age from 15:49 a year the most productive ages
Patient who was not diagnosed or treated loses the equivalent of one year of work
Scientific outlook
Tuberculosis, a contagious disease of the common diseases that affect humans and some animals, particularly cows ... not limited to infection in the human lungs but may affect other body organs Kmufasl and lymph nodes, intestine, skin, and meninges and the reproductive system of male and female alike and that the infection is not confined to a specific age It affects all ages but is most dangerous for children under five and adults from 15 to 25 years old
Disease bacterium
Tuberculosis, a bacterium Bacillus shape bears some characteristics of fungi
The incubation period
To pick up the infection to onset of symptoms ranging from 4 to 12 weeks, may extend to years
Sources of infection and mode of proliferation
Spray scattered from the mouths and noses with Bessel lungs when coughing them or sneeze, or speak or spit off TB bacteria from within the lungs into the air where they can remain suspended for several hours ... so the likelihood of contagion was high when a person closely for a long time in an enclosed area of a patient Bessel pneumonia had a sputum positive TB ... If the sputum negative bacilli little probability of infection ... and almost non-existent for the extrapulmonary TB patients
Use of tools and tasks of the patient's polluting
Dairy products, especially non-sterile cows
Q: But what are the factors that help to infection and the spread of disease?
Malnutrition
Hustle
Lack of good ventilation - unhealthy housing
- A weak immune system (such as those with diabetes do not adhere to diet and treatment, or - people with kidney failure or after organ transplants or who are taking steroid drugs or alcohol and drug addicts or people with AIDS or leukemia or cancer of the lymph nodes)
* What happens after infection?
First, not all infected patients because most of the infected caught the immune system have TB germs ... and does not affect the disease at a later time between 5 to 10% of the total people living ... Scientists do not know for certain but what ails some of the injured, while do not get sick others, but it is well known Individuals with weak immune system such as those with malnutrition or AIDS are more likely than others to TB
Symptoms of the disease
Common symptoms
Weight loss, loss of appetite - rise in body temperature and night sweats - slim and general weakness and indigestion continued - tired of the least make an effort with the pain of different body
Symptoms of tuberculosis
In addition to the general symptoms there is a dry cough which starts and soon to become Bbulgm accompanied by mucous and purulent, and devastating, and there are also chest pains and difficulty breathing and breathlessness when doing minimal effort with the papyrus Balenzlat repeated infections, pneumonia
Symptoms of extrapulmonary Durr n
In addition to the symptoms of general symptoms, specific limb, for example cells of lymph nodes accompanied by inflation in the decade infected recognized meningitis is accompanied by fever, headache, vomiting, stiff muscles of the neck and recognized college accompanied by urinary symptoms, such as the presence of pus in the urine recognized bone is accompanied by pain or bone swelling articulated
Diagnosis
Medical history and clinical examination, noting the signs and symptoms of the disease
Microscopic examination of phlegm at least three times if it contains TB bacteria, this means that the patient sputum and transmission of infection is called a positive blot
If the previous test result is inconclusive can work a farm or a mine-ray on the chest to check for the presence of small cavities, liquid or shadows in the lungs may be inferred the existence of tuberculosis
In the case of non-pulmonary tuberculosis (extrapulmonary) sample is taken from a patient and lymph node pathology for example, and examined
Note: Test Manto or what is known as test Tiobrklin is to test the skin is injected protein purified derivative of Bacillus tuberculosis into the skin and measured the extent of interaction formed at the injection site after 48 to 72 hours and certain standards known to doctors determined a positive test, which indicates favorable as that the bacterium tuberculosis had been enteredbody days as a result of old injury or injury occurs as recent as the positive person has already been vaccinated vaccine protective of tuberculosis .. It therefore does not mean infection confirmed tuberculosis
Treatment: treatment strategy or short-term under the direct supervision
A therapeutic method recommended by the World Health Organization
Adopt this method to deal with a combination of four different drugs in tablets or capsules Orp From: isoniazid - Rifampicin - Birzaenamaid - Iithambuotol - and sometimes instead given injections of streptomycin Aithambuotol
Continue taking these drugs for two months and then re-examine the sputum If it is proven that the situation is improving both types of drugs are described only for the remainder of treatment, ranging from 4 to 6 months
What happens if you leave the non-tuberculosis treatment?
Half the patients with lung Bdrn will die within 5 years
A quarter of patients will recover thanks to the self-defense by a strong immune system
The remaining quarter remains infected Bdrn chronic carrier of infection
What happens if the medication is described on a regular basis?
Be the chance of recovery greater than 95%, God willing,
Q: What happens if a patient stops taking prescribed medications?
First: will be difficult to eliminate bacteria in the lungs and be more likely to get sick again, and here lose drugs that were being addressed by the effectiveness of
Second: it may arise from what is known as drug-resistant tuberculosis, which begins deployment in the family and friends and work colleagues, the strongest in terms of impact and the least in terms of susceptibility to heal
- It remains to refer to the strategy favored and recommended by the World Health Organization to detect and treat tuberculosis and recovery - God willing - and the Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean to encourage countries in the region to adopt and implement the full national level by 2000 is that of the treatment strategy short-term under the direct supervision
Components
Political commitment
Diagnosis by smear microscopy
Drug supply
Monitoring systems or control
The direct supervision of treatment
Benefits
Heal - God willing - as soon as possible and at the lowest cost 11 dollars per patient in some countries of the world
Reduce the risk of infecting others with tuberculosis
* Effectiveness
To achieve full recovery of more than 90% of people, God willing,
Prevent the emergence of cases of tuberculosis resistant to multiple drugs
Finally, it must be pointed to one of the effective methods used in the prevention of tuberculosis, namely, the vaccine used in vaccination, known as me. C. Jl. Character is the first in English to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine ... in this kind of live attenuated and which is prepared from bovine mycobacteria ... and being injected into the skin ... and the usual dose of 0,05 ml of newborn babies and those under the age of 3 months .. The older of the amount to dose 0,1 ml
Hard facts
TB disease is dangerous but can be treated the same and only one contains the germ and only one of the tuberculosis bacteria that might cause lifelong infection
TB is not transmitted between people by insects, blood, or water .- tuberculosis is the only disease can be avoided between the killer diseases of youth and adults in developing countries
Tackling tuberculosis treatment incomplete without the supervision of a good is worse than no treatment
Treatment
It is known that tuberculosis needs medical treatment for a long time, compared to other diseases, it is also well known that this period ranging from nine months to two years in some cases, stop the medication and quality depending on the status of the patient, to be decided by the attending physician for each case depending on the circumstances of her illness .
Tuberculosis infection range between minor injury are specific to the disease spread a double lungs.
May attend the patient complaining of some chest complications such as bleeding or Alastruah; any presence of air to the membrane crystal Tzmmip symptoms such as very high temperature, loss of appetite and so on.
In severe cases of the disease, or when there are complications, or if the general condition of the patient is not good; must be organized for the patient treated strictly in terms of quality of medicines and doses of these drugs and the time allotted, as well as attendance in the food.
Many believed that the patient tuberculosis must deal with large amounts of food, this is not true, what is required to address the quantities of the normal suit the age, weight and kind, with the availability of natural ingredients for the food of the proteins and carbohydrates, salts and vitamins, fats, etc. .. Because what is required is always the patient access to his normal weight. The key to the success of treatment in cases of tuberculosis is the commitment of the patient required the full duration of treatment without fail.
In cases of tuberculosis, which is complemented by which the patient is given time period for treatment with the improvement of his general condition, he can fast taking prescription drugs to him in either a single dose or two doses between breakfast and the fast, especially since the drugs TB patient can take the dosage, either once or twice.